Pakistan MCQs

Earth's internal heat warms rocks and underground water.
It can provide heating or generate electricity.

Tectonic stress builds in Earth's crust.
When rocks slip, seismic waves spread from the rupture.

A seismograph detects and records vibrations of the ground.
The resulting record is called a seismogram.

The focus is the underground rupture origin.
The epicenter is its surface projection.

Undersea earthquakes, landslides, or eruptions can displace large water volumes.
The resulting waves can grow near coastlines.

Volcanoes connect Earth's surface with molten or gaseous material below.
Eruptions vary from gentle lava flows to explosive ash events.

Magma is molten rock below the surface.
Once erupted, it is called lava.

Igneous rocks crystallize from magma or lava.
Granite and basalt are common examples.

Layers of sediment become compacted and cemented.
Sandstone and limestone are examples.

Metamorphism alters rock minerals and texture without complete melting.
Marble forms from limestone.

The Moon's gravity creates tidal bulges in Earth's oceans.
The Sun modifies the tidal range according to alignment.

Deforestation removes tree cover for farming, timber, or development.
It can reduce biodiversity and increase erosion.