Practice Pakistan questions with answers and explanations.
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The Umayyad Caliphate ruled from Damascus.
Its period began after the era of the Rightly Guided Caliphs.
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The Abbasids established Baghdad as their capital in the eighth century.
The city became a major center of learning and administration.
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Riba refers to prohibited increases defined in Islamic law.
Islam permits trade but prohibits riba.
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The Abbasid Caliph al-Mansur founded Baghdad in 762 CE.
Its circular plan gave it the name Round City.
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Islamic trade ethics require honesty, clarity, and willing agreement.
Fraud and deception are prohibited.
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Bayt al-Hikmah, or House of Wisdom, supported scholarship and translation.
It flourished under the Abbasids.
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Gharar refers to serious uncertainty or ambiguity that can cause unfairness.
Islamic law restricts transactions containing excessive gharar.
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Al-Ma'mun patronized translation, science, and scholarship.
The House of Wisdom expanded during his reign.
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A waqf dedicates property or income for lasting charitable benefit.
Historically, waqf supported mosques, schools, hospitals, and public services.
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Al-Andalus referred to Muslim-ruled territories in the Iberian Peninsula.
Its cities became important centers of culture and learning.
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Sadaqah includes voluntary giving and beneficial acts.
It is broader than financial donation alone.
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Cordoba became a leading political and intellectual center.
It was known for libraries, architecture, and scholarship.
