Pakistan MCQs

Electrolysis requires an external power source.
It can produce metals, gases, or chemical changes.

Titration uses a measured reaction stoichiometry.
The endpoint signals that the required amount of titrant has been added.

The mnemonic 'An Ox' identifies oxidation at the anode.
Electrons are produced there.

The equivalence point is defined by reaction stoichiometry.
Its pH depends on acid and base strengths.

The mnemonic 'Red Cat' identifies reduction at the cathode.
Electrons are consumed there.

Reaction rate measures how fast composition changes.
It may be expressed using disappearance or formation rates.

The salt bridge completes the internal ionic circuit.
It prevents rapid charge buildup in half-cells.

A rate law is determined experimentally.
Its exponents define reaction orders.

Positive E° corresponds to negative standard Gibbs energy.
The written cell reaction is thermodynamically favorable.

Reaction order may be zero, fractional, or integer.
It need not match the balanced-equation coefficient.

Electrolysis drives oxidation and reduction at electrodes.
It is used in plating, refining, and chemical production.

Reacting particles need sufficient energy and orientation to form an activated complex.
Higher activation energy generally means slower reaction at the same temperature.