Practice CPSP FCPS I Surgery Allied questions with answers and explanations.
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Adverse drug reaction is a harmful and unintended response to a medicine used at normal doses.
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Agonist is a ligand that binds to a receptor and activates it to produce a biological response.
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Competitive antagonist is a reversible receptor blocker whose effect can be overcome by increasing agonist concentration.
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First-pass metabolism is presystemic metabolism that reduces oral bioavailability before a drug reaches systemic circulation.
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Half-life is the time required for the plasma concentration of a drug to fall by one half.
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Therapeutic index is a measure comparing toxic and effective doses and indicating a drug safety margin.
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Loading dose is an initial larger dose used to achieve a target concentration rapidly.
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ACE inhibitor is a drug class that reduces angiotensin II formation and may cause cough or hyperkalaemia.
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Atherosclerosis is intimal lipid-rich plaque formation in medium and large arteries.
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Hyperplasia is an increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ.
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Hypertrophy is an increase in cell size leading to enlargement of a tissue or organ.
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Transudate is low-protein fluid caused mainly by altered hydrostatic or oncotic pressure.
