Correct Answer: D. Entamoeba histolytica spreads by contaminated food and water
Explanation:
Entamoeba histolytica is usually transmitted by ingestion of cysts in contaminated food or water. Sanitation and safe drinking water are key preventive measures. This MCQ belongs to the Medical importance topic in Animal Diversity-I and is written to test concept understanding rather than memorized wording.
Correct Answer: C. Plasmodium transmitted by Anopheles mosquito
Explanation:
Malaria is caused by Plasmodium and transmitted by female Anopheles mosquitoes. Correctly linking parasite, disease, and vector is important in medical zoology. This MCQ belongs to the Medical importance topic in Animal Diversity-I and is written to test concept understanding rather than memorized wording.
Aristotle’s lantern is the jaw apparatus of many sea urchins. It contains calcareous teeth used to scrape food such as algae from surfaces. This MCQ belongs to the Echinodermata topic in Animal Diversity-I and is written to test concept understanding rather than memorized wording.
Correct Answer: D. dermal branchiae and tube feet aid gas exchange
Explanation:
Sea stars use dermal branchiae and tube feet for gas exchange. Their thin surfaces allow diffusion between seawater and body fluids. This MCQ belongs to the Echinodermata topic in Animal Diversity-I and is written to test concept understanding rather than memorized wording.
Chaetognaths, or arrow worms, are marine predators with grasping spines near the head. They are important planktonic animals in marine food webs. This MCQ belongs to the Chaetognatha topic in Animal Diversity-I and is written to test concept understanding rather than memorized wording.
Cycliophorans are tiny animals first described from lobster mouthparts. Their unusual life cycle and habitat make them important among lesser-known invertebrates. This MCQ belongs to the Cycliophora topic in Animal Diversity-I and is written to test concept understanding rather than memorized wording.
Entoprocts are small aquatic animals with a tentacular crown in which the anus lies inside the ring. This feature helps distinguish them from many lophophorates. This MCQ belongs to the Entoprocta topic in Animal Diversity-I and is written to test concept understanding rather than memorized wording.
Lophophorates possess a lophophore, a ciliated tentacular feeding structure used for suspension feeding. Brachiopods and bryozoans are common examples. This MCQ belongs to the Lophophorates topic in Animal Diversity-I and is written to test concept understanding rather than memorized wording.
Correct Answer: C. absence of head and cephalization in adults
Explanation:
Adult echinoderms have radial organization and lack strong cephalization. Their nervous system is arranged around a nerve ring and radial nerves rather than a head-centered brain. This MCQ belongs to the Echinodermata topic in Animal Diversity-I and is written to test concept understanding rather than memorized wording.
Many echinoderms show strong regenerative ability. Sea stars can regenerate lost arms, although the extent depends on the species and whether enough central disc tissue remains. This MCQ belongs to the Echinodermata topic in Animal Diversity-I and is written to test concept understanding rather than memorized wording.
Crinoids include sea lilies and feather stars. They are suspension feeders and are considered among the more ancient-looking echinoderm forms. This MCQ belongs to the Crinoidea topic in Animal Diversity-I and is written to test concept understanding rather than memorized wording.
Sea cucumbers belong to Holothuroidea. They are elongated echinoderms with leathery bodies and reduced skeletal ossicles compared with sea urchins. This MCQ belongs to the Holothuroidea topic in Animal Diversity-I and is written to test concept understanding rather than memorized wording.