General Medicine MCQs

Acute coronary syndrome is a clinical spectrum caused by acute myocardial ischaemia, including unstable angina and myocardial infarction.

Heart failure is a syndrome in which the heart cannot meet metabolic demands or does so only at elevated filling pressures.

Atrial fibrillation is a supraventricular arrhythmia with disorganised atrial activity and an irregularly irregular pulse.

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disorder with variable and usually reversible airflow obstruction.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is persistent airflow limitation commonly related to smoking or noxious exposure.

Diabetic ketoacidosis is hyperglycaemia with ketonaemia and metabolic acidosis due to severe insulin deficiency.

Hypothyroidism is a state of deficient thyroid hormone action that may cause fatigue, weight gain and bradycardia.

Nephrotic syndrome is heavy proteinuria with hypoalbuminaemia, oedema and often hyperlipidaemia.

Nephritic syndrome is glomerular inflammation causing haematuria, reduced filtration and often hypertension.

Iron-deficiency anaemia is a microcytic anaemia caused by inadequate iron availability for haemoglobin synthesis.

Megaloblastic anaemia is a macrocytic anaemia caused by impaired DNA synthesis, often from folate or vitamin B12 deficiency.