Pakistan MCQs

Bernoulli relates pressure head, velocity head, and elevation head.
Real-flow applications include head losses.

Reynolds number compares inertial and viscous effects.
Its magnitude helps classify pipe and channel flow regimes.

Coagulants neutralize particle charges and promote floc formation.
The larger flocs can then settle or be filtered.

Sedimentation allows denser particles or flocs to settle.
It reduces the load on subsequent filters.

Chlorine inactivates many disease-causing microorganisms.
A residual can protect water in the distribution system.

Ohm's law relates voltage, current, and resistance in a linear resistor.
It is written as V = IR.

Resistance is measured in ohms.
One ohm permits one ampere when one volt is applied.

Current is the rate of flow of electric charge.
One ampere equals one coulomb per second.

KCL follows conservation of charge.
Current entering a junction equals current leaving it.

A hydrograph plots streamflow or runoff against time.
It is used in flood analysis and drainage design.

Infiltration reduces direct surface runoff.
Its rate depends on soil, moisture, vegetation, and rainfall intensity.

The runoff coefficient reflects surface permeability and land use.
It is used in simplified peak-discharge methods such as the Rational Method.