GAT Subject Biological Sciences MCQs

Competitive inhibitors resemble or obstruct the substrate.
Their effect can often be reduced by increasing substrate concentration.

Noncompetitive binding changes enzyme shape or function.
Adding more substrate does not fully overcome it.

ATP stores usable energy in phosphate bonds.
Hydrolysis of ATP powers many cellular processes.

Glycolysis breaks glucose into pyruvate.
It occurs in the cytosol and does not directly require oxygen.

Triglycerides are major energy-storage lipids.
They form through ester bonds.

Saturated fatty acids are fully saturated with hydrogen.
They are often solid at room temperature.

Double bonds introduce bends into fatty-acid chains.
They often increase membrane fluidity.

The four major macromolecule groups perform structural, energetic, catalytic, and informational roles.
They are built mainly from carbon-containing compounds.

Monomers link through covalent bonds.
Examples include amino acids, nucleotides, and monosaccharides.

Dehydration reactions join monomers into larger molecules.
A water molecule is released during bond formation.

Hydrolysis separates polymers into smaller units.
Water contributes H and OH to the products.

Carbohydrates include sugars, starches, glycogen, and cellulose.
They serve both energy and structural roles.