Nursing BSN Foundations MCQs

Standard precautions is infection-prevention measures applied to all patients regardless of known infection status.

Patient identification is use of at least two reliable identifiers before medication, procedure or specimen collection.

Pressure injury prevention is regular risk assessment, repositioning, skin care and pressure redistribution.

DNA polymerase is an enzyme that synthesises DNA using a template strand and requires a primer.

Competitive inhibition is enzyme inhibition in which a substrate analogue competes for the active site and raises apparent Km.

Vitamin B12 is a cofactor required for methionine synthase and methylmalonyl-CoA mutase reactions.

Albumin is the major plasma protein contributing to oncotic pressure and transport of many substances.

Lactate dehydrogenase is an enzyme that interconverts pyruvate and lactate while cycling NADH and NAD+.

HMG-CoA reductase is the rate-limiting enzyme in endogenous cholesterol synthesis.

Glycolysis is a cytosolic pathway that converts glucose to pyruvate while generating ATP and NADH.

Urea cycle is a hepatic pathway that converts toxic ammonia into urea for excretion.

Beta oxidation is mitochondrial degradation of fatty acids to acetyl-CoA units.