MCQ Collection
Data Visualization MCQs
Practice Data Visualization questions with answers and explanations.
Choose an option to check your answer.
A.
Mean versus median
B.
Rows versus columns
C.
Bias versus variance
D.
Color versus shape
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Correct Answer: C. Bias versus variance
Explanation:
Small bandwidth lowers smoothing bias but increases random variability.
Choose an option to check your answer.
A.
When both variables are nominal with no order
B.
When there is only one observation
C.
When the relationship is monotonic but nonlinear or strongly affected by outliers
D.
When exact causal effects are required
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Correct Answer: C. When the relationship is monotonic but nonlinear or strongly affected by outliers
Explanation:
Rank-based association does not require a straight-line relationship.
Choose an option to check your answer.
A.
The probability that the null hypothesis is true
B.
The size of the observed effect
C.
The probability, assuming the null hypothesis, of obtaining a result at least as extreme as observed
D.
The probability that the data were collected correctly
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Correct Answer: C. The probability, assuming the null hypothesis, of obtaining a result at least as extreme as observed
Explanation:
A p-value measures compatibility between the data and the null model.
Choose an option to check your answer.
A.
The most distant point in the dataset
B.
A categorical response label
C.
The mean vector of observations assigned to a cluster
D.
The first observation in each cluster
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Correct Answer: C. The mean vector of observations assigned to a cluster
Explanation:
Each centroid summarizes a cluster's center in feature space.
Choose an option to check your answer.
A.
A binary response variable
B.
A survival censoring indicator only
C.
A dissimilarity or distance matrix
D.
A confidence level
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Correct Answer: C. A dissimilarity or distance matrix
Explanation:
Hierarchical clustering relies on pairwise proximity information.
Choose an option to check your answer.
A.
The symmetric uniform distribution
B.
The Bernoulli distribution only
C.
The standard normal distribution
D.
The Pareto distribution
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Correct Answer: D. The Pareto distribution
Explanation:
Pareto models describe positive values with a slowly decaying right tail.
Choose an option to check your answer.
A.
A method that assumes every dataset is normal
B.
A discrete category-count table
C.
A clustering algorithm that requires labels
D.
A nonparametric method for estimating a smooth probability density
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Correct Answer: D. A nonparametric method for estimating a smooth probability density
Explanation:
KDE places a smooth kernel around observations and adds their contributions.
Choose an option to check your answer.
A.
A normal density with estimated mean and standard deviation
B.
An exponential model with an estimated rate
C.
A fixed Pareto model
D.
A kernel density estimate
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Correct Answer: D. A kernel density estimate
Explanation:
KDE does not restrict the population to a finite-parameter distribution family.
Choose an option to check your answer.
A.
The variables follow a perfect circle
B.
Both variables have identical means
C.
The relationship changes direction repeatedly
D.
As one variable increases, the other generally does not decrease
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Correct Answer: D. As one variable increases, the other generally does not decrease
Explanation:
Monotonicity concerns consistent ordering rather than a constant slope.
Choose an option to check your answer.
A.
Prove the null hypothesis
B.
Increase the p-value to α
C.
Conclude the effect is practically large
D.
Reject the null hypothesis
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Correct Answer: D. Reject the null hypothesis
Explanation:
The result is considered statistically significant at the selected level.
Choose an option to check your answer.
A.
Standardization creates the true cluster labels
B.
K-means accepts only negative values
C.
It guarantees spherical clusters
D.
Variables with larger scales would otherwise dominate distance calculations
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Correct Answer: D. Variables with larger scales would otherwise dominate distance calculations
Explanation:
K-means commonly relies on Euclidean distance.
Choose an option to check your answer.
A.
It is unaffected by variable scale
B.
It always finds objectively true clusters
C.
It can use no distance measure
D.
It provides a nested structure without requiring one fixed k at the start
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Correct Answer: D. It provides a nested structure without requiring one fixed k at the start
Explanation:
The dendrogram allows several levels of grouping to be explored after fitting.
