MCQ Collection
Data Visualization MCQs
Practice Data Visualization questions with answers and explanations.
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Correct Answer: B. Means and squared distances give extreme observations strong influence
Explanation:
An extreme point can pull a centroid far from the cluster's main concentration.
Robust preprocessing or alternative clustering methods may be needed.
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Correct Answer: B. A long-term increase or decrease in the series level
Explanation:
Trend reflects persistent movement over an extended interval.
It is distinct from short-term fluctuations and seasonal repetition.
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Correct Answer: C. Estimating model parameters so a theoretical distribution represents observed data
Explanation:
Fitting chooses parameter values that make a model compatible with the sample.
The result should then be assessed using diagnostics and context.
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Correct Answer: C. Important distribution features may be oversmoothed
Explanation:
Too much smoothing can merge distinct modes and hide local structure.
The resulting estimate has high bias.
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Correct Answer: C. Its tail behavior is driven by kernel choice rather than a validated process model
Explanation:
KDE is primarily a local description of the observed sample.
Far-tail predictions are unreliable without substantive assumptions.
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Correct Answer: C. Comparison of the relationship across a third variable
Explanation:
Color can distinguish groups or represent another quantitative variable.
This extends a bivariate plot into a multivariate display.
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Correct Answer: C. Failing to reject a false null hypothesis
Explanation:
A Type II error misses a real effect.
Its probability depends on effect size, sample size, variability, and the test.
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Correct Answer: C. Compact, roughly spherical clusters
Explanation:
Nearest-centroid assignment partitions space into convex regions.
Elongated or irregular clusters may be divided incorrectly.
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Correct Answer: C. A pattern that repeats at a known and regular calendar frequency
Explanation:
Seasonal behavior repeats over periods such as days, months, quarters, or years.
Its timing is tied to a stable calendar or operational cycle.
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Correct Answer: D. Different distributions can share a mean but differ in spread, shape, and tails
Explanation:
A single moment does not capture skewness, modality, or extreme behavior.
Model checks should compare multiple features of the empirical distribution.
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Correct Answer: D. Different smoothing levels can create artificial differences in shape
Explanation:
A smoother curve may look simpler merely because of its bandwidth.
Consistent smoothing makes shape comparisons more defensible.
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Correct Answer: D. density()
Explanation:
The base R density() function computes a univariate kernel density estimate.
Its output can be plotted and its bandwidth can be adjusted.
