Pakistan MCQs

Monomers link through covalent bonds.
Examples include amino acids, nucleotides, and monosaccharides.

Dehydration reactions join monomers into larger molecules.
A water molecule is released during bond formation.

Hydrolysis separates polymers into smaller units.
Water contributes H and OH to the products.

Carbohydrates include sugars, starches, glycogen, and cellulose.
They serve both energy and structural roles.

Monosaccharides are the simplest carbohydrates.
Glucose, fructose, and galactose are examples.

Glucose is oxidized during cellular respiration.
Its energy is transferred to ATP.

Glycogen is stored mainly in liver and muscle.
It can be broken down to release glucose.

Plants store glucose mainly as starch.
It consists of amylose and amylopectin.

Cellulose consists of beta-glucose units.
Humans lack enzymes to digest its beta linkages.

Lipids include fats, phospholipids, steroids, and waxes.
They are hydrophobic or amphipathic.

Triglycerides are major energy-storage lipids.
They form through ester bonds.

Saturated fatty acids are fully saturated with hydrogen.
They are often solid at room temperature.