Pakistan MCQs

Double bonds introduce bends into fatty-acid chains.
They often increase membrane fluidity.

As a cell grows, volume increases faster than surface area.
Small size improves transport of nutrients, gases, and wastes.

Water enters the cell and the vacuole expands.
The cell wall prevents bursting and creates turgor pressure.

Plasmolysis occurs in a hypertonic environment.
The vacuole shrinks and the membrane pulls inward.

Prokaryotes lack a membrane-bound nucleus.
Their DNA is located in a nucleoid region.

Both cell types have DNA, ribosomes, and membranes.
Eukaryotes possess a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

The nucleoid is not enclosed by a nuclear membrane.
It contains the main bacterial chromosome.

Plasmids often carry accessory genes such as antibiotic resistance.
They can sometimes move between cells.

Different genes are expressed in different cell types.
This creates specialized structures and functions.

Water moves toward the side with higher effective solute concentration.
Osmosis affects cell volume and turgor.

Channels and carriers help polar or charged substances cross membranes.
No direct energy input is required.

Active transport uses pumps or coupled carriers.
It maintains ion gradients and cell homeostasis.