Practice NEB Medical Standard 4 questions with answers and explanations.
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Vector is a living carrier that transmits an infectious agent between hosts.
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Nosocomial infection is an infection acquired during healthcare delivery that was not present or incubating on admission.
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Nosocomial infection is an infection acquired during healthcare delivery that was not present or incubating on admission.
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Autoclave is a device that sterilises using saturated steam under pressure.
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Gram-positive cocci is bacteria that retain crystal violet and appear purple because of a thick peptidoglycan wall.
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Endospore is a dormant resistant structure formed by selected bacteria such as Bacillus and Clostridium species.
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Biofilm is a structured microbial community embedded in a protective extracellular matrix on a surface.
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Sterilisation is complete destruction or removal of all forms of microbial life, including spores.
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Disinfection is reduction of pathogenic microorganisms on inanimate objects, not necessarily including spores.
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IgM is the first major antibody isotype produced in a primary immune response.
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IgA is the principal antibody isotype in mucosal secretions.
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Type IV hypersensitivity is a delayed T-cell mediated immune reaction rather than an antibody-mediated reaction.
