Nursing Community Epidemiology MCQs

Cohort study is an observational design that follows exposed and unexposed groups over time to compare outcomes.

Case-control study is an observational design that starts with outcome status and looks backward for exposure.

Randomised controlled trial is an experimental design that randomly allocates participants to intervention groups.

Surveillance is systematic ongoing collection, analysis and use of health data for public-health action.

Confounding is distortion of an exposure-outcome association by a third factor related to both.

Confounding is distortion of an exposure-outcome association by a third factor related to both.

Incidence is the occurrence of new cases in a population at risk during a defined period.

Prevalence is the proportion of a population that has a condition at a specified time or period.

Sensitivity is the ability of a test to correctly identify people who have the disease.

Specificity is the ability of a test to correctly identify people who do not have the disease.

Relative risk is a ratio comparing disease risk in an exposed group with risk in an unexposed group.

Odds ratio is a measure of association commonly used in case-control studies.