GAT Subject Biological Sciences MCQs

Monomers link through covalent bonds.
Examples include amino acids, nucleotides, and monosaccharides.

Dehydration reactions join monomers into larger molecules.
A water molecule is released during bond formation.

Hydrolysis separates polymers into smaller units.
Water contributes H and OH to the products.

Carbohydrates include sugars, starches, glycogen, and cellulose.
They serve both energy and structural roles.

Monosaccharides are the simplest carbohydrates.
Glucose, fructose, and galactose are examples.

Glucose is oxidized during cellular respiration.
Its energy is transferred to ATP.

Water enters the cell and the vacuole expands.
The cell wall prevents bursting and creates turgor pressure.

Plasmolysis occurs in a hypertonic environment.
The vacuole shrinks and the membrane pulls inward.

Prokaryotes lack a membrane-bound nucleus.
Their DNA is located in a nucleoid region.

Both cell types have DNA, ribosomes, and membranes.
Eukaryotes possess a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

The nucleoid is not enclosed by a nuclear membrane.
It contains the main bacterial chromosome.

Plasmids often carry accessory genes such as antibiotic resistance.
They can sometimes move between cells.